Tu B'Shevat — The New Year of the Trees

What Is Tu B'Shevat?

The Mishnah (Rosh Hashanah 1:1) establishes the 15th of Shevat as the new year for trees. In ancient Israel, this date determined fruit-tithing cycles. Kabbalists in 16th-century Tzfat elevated Tu B'Shevat into a mystical celebration of God's creation. Today it represents the Jewish value of bal tashchit (not wasting) and stewardship of the earth.

Who Celebrates Tu B'Shevat?

All Jewish communities celebrate Tu B'Shevat, though customs vary. Sephardic Jews developed the Tu B'Shevat Seder in the 16th century in Tzfat (Safed). Ashkenazi communities traditionally eat fruits of the Land of Israel. In modern Israel, Tu B'Shevat is celebrated with tree-planting ceremonies by schoolchildren.

When Is Tu B'Shevat?

Tu B'Shevat falls on the 15th of Shevat (the Hebrew letter 'Tet' = 9 + 'Vav' = 6, hence 'Tu' = 15), usually in January or February. Unlike most Jewish holidays, Tu B'Shevat has no restrictions on work. Tachanun (penitential prayers) is not recited, and it is considered a minor festive day.

How Is Tu B'Shevat Observed?

Key customs include: (1) Eating fruits — especially the Seven Species of Israel; (2) Tu B'Shevat Seder — a structured meal with four cups of wine and specific fruits; (3) Planting trees — especially in Israel through JNF; (4) Studying Torah passages about trees and agriculture; (5) Teaching children about nature and environmental responsibility.